Su-17/-20/-22

Seeking to improve low-speed and takeoff/landing performance of the Su-7B fighter-bomber, in 1963 the Sukhoi OKB with input from TsAGI created a variable geometry wing

technology demonstrator. The Su-7IG (internal designation S-22I, NATO designation Fitter-B), converted from a production Su-7BM, had fixed inner portions of the wing with

movable outer segments which could be swept to 28°, 45°, or 62°.[1] A fixed inner wing simplified construction, allowing the manufacturer to retain the Su-7 landing gear and

avoiding the need for complex pivoting underwing hardpoints, and it minimized the shift in the center of pressure relative to the center of mass with change in wing sweep.[2]

The new wing also had extensive leading-edge slats and trailing-edge flaps. Su-7IG first flew on 2 August 1966 with V. S. Ilyushin at the controls, becoming the first Soviet

variable geometry aircraft.[2] Testing revealed that takeoff and landing speeds had decreased by 50-60 km/h (27-32 kn, 31-37 mph) compared to the conventional Su-7.[2]
The production aircraft was named Su-17 (NATO designation Fitter-C, factory designation S-32) and was unofficially dubbed Strizh (Стриж, martlet) in service. Aside from the

new wing, it differed from its predecessor Su-7 in having a new canopy and a dorsal fuselage spine for additional fuel and avionics. Su-17 first flew on 1 July 1969 with E. K.

Kukushev at the controls.[2]
A total of 2,867 Su-17 and its variants were built, of which 1,165 were exported to 15 nations worldwide.